LABELING THEORY
Becker, Howard S. 1963. "Career Deviance." Pp. 27-28, 30-39
in The Outsiders. Glencoe: Free Press.
Gove, Walter R. 1980. "Labeling and Mental Illness: A Critique." Pp. 53-59 in The Labeling of
Deviance, edited by Walter Gove. Beverly Hills: Sage.
Hindelang, Michael J., Travis Hirschi and Joseph G. Weis. 1979.
"Correlates of Delinquency: The Illusion of a Discrepancy." American Sociological Review
44:994-1014.
Lemert, Edwin. 1962. "Paranoia and the Dynamics of Exclusion." Sociometry 25:2-25.
Link, Bruce G. 1987. "Understanding Labeling Effects in the Area of Mental Disorders: An
Assessment of the Effects of Expectations of Rejection." American Sociological Review
52:96-112.
Palamara, Frances, Francis T. Cullen, and Joanne C. Gersten. 1986. "The Effect of Police and
Mental Health Intervention on Juvenile Deviance: Specifying Contingencies in the Impact of
Formal Reaction." Journal of Health and Social Behavior
27:90-105.
Paternoster, Raymond, and LeeAnn Iovanni. 1989. "The Labelling Perspective and Delinquency:
An Elaboration of the Theory and Assessment of the Evidence." Justice Quarterly 6:359-
394.
Rosenhan, David L. 1983. "On Being Sane in Insane Places," in James D. Orcutt, Analyzing
Deviance. Homewood, IL: The Dorsey Press.
Scheff, Thomas. 1963. "The Role of the Mentally Ill and the Dynamics of Mental Disorder."
Sociometry 26:436-453,
Smith, Douglas A. and Raymond Paternoster. 1990. "Formal Processing and Future Delinquency:
Deviance Amplification as Selection Artifact." Law and Society Review 24:1109-1131.
Thomas, Charles W. and Donna M. Bishop. 1984. "The Effect of
Formal and Informal Sanctions on Delinquency: A Longitudinal Comparison of Labeling
and Deterrence Theories." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 75:1222-1245.
Tittle, Charles R. 1975. "Deterrents or Labeling?" Social Forces 53:399-410.