Before there was Marketing

Barter non-specialized

Barter specialized

Money invented -- anything that has the functions of money

• Accepted by many others as something with exchange value
• Stores value over time and space
• Works equally well to exchange for any good or service
• etc. see "History of Money" site Glyn Davies

Business concepts for management

What basic concepts of the exchange process and the business of business are there?

What do they tell us about how we should run a successful business?

Product Concept

Production Concept

Sales Concept

Marketing Concept

Societal Marketing Concept

Summary

Each of the above concepts works if and only if it is acting as a subset of the marketing concept.
That is, if by choosing to focus on something other than the customer, the business inadvertantly provides the customer with what they need or want at a price thay are willing to pay and that allows the company to make a profit.

Market -- Business -- Industry

Remember, although these terms are sometimes used differently in other contexts, from the point of view of marketing;

• a market is a group of actual or potential buyers;
• an industry is a set of all businesses that compete with each other by selling things that meet similar needs;
• a business is an organization that sells something for profit.

  Examples

• the market for cosmetics is the set of all people who do or might buy cosmetics.
  
• businesses that sell cosmetics include, L'Oreal, Procter & Gamble's Oil of Olay Division, Revlon, Maybeline etc.
  
• The industry that they are all in is the cosmetics industry.
  

or

• the market is all people who buy logs
• businesses are organizations like Trillium, Bloedel, Crown Pacific, Lousiana Pacific, Georgia Pacific
• the industry is the logging industry.

• the industry is the retail jewelery industry
• the businesses are Kays, Tiffany's, Cartier, Fred Meyer, Weisberg, Zales, Van Cleef and Arpel, etc.
• the market is all actual or potential buyers of jewelery.

Summary

Markets exist independent of any given business.

Every Industry has a common or shared market, a common group of actual or potential customers for whom the participating businesses compete.

Industries exist independent of any given business.

Businesses are also known as companies, firms, SBU's, and concerns.

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